What to do if someone faints

Here is what to do:

* Don't panic.

* Check if the person is still breathing immediately after fainting. If not, administer CPR as needed.

* Immediately alert medical personnel if someone faints.

* Do position the person properly. To do this lie the person face-up in a supine position. If possible, elevate the heart above the head and feet above the heart: this will allow for maximum blood flow to the brain. Tilt the person's head to one side: swallowing one's own tongue is a serious risk for an unconscious person.

* Loosen any tight clothing that the fainted person is wearing.

* Use blankets if someone has fainted and is shivering or their lips are turning blue.

* Apply damp towels to face of the fainted person.

* To resuscitate by chest compression, place the heel of one hand between the nipples and the other hand on top of that. Keep elbows straight with your shoulders directly over your hands and with your upper body weight. Push down on the chest two inches deep at 100 compressions a minute. The practice should be continued until signs of movement or until emergency help arrives.

What you should never do:

* Don't try treating the affected person beyond basic first aid. Leave that to professionals.

* Don't try giving him/her anything to eat or drink until you are sure he is completely conscious. Even though dehydration is often a cause of fainting, you don't want to risk them choking.

* Don't slap or shake the person. That only works in movies. If someone faints and you do this you may end up further injuring him.